/* TODO: Include attribution for ideas, and code from mod_auth_digest */

#include "usuals.h"
#include "httpauthd.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "defaults.h"
#include "digest.h"
#include "basic.h"
#include "md5.h"
#include "bd.h"

static unsigned char g_digest_secret[DIGEST_SECRET_LEN];



/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Defaults and Constants
 */

#define BASIC_ESTABLISHED  (void*)1

/* Kept by the us for validating the client */
typedef struct digest_record
{
    unsigned char nonce[DIGEST_NONCE_LEN];
    unsigned char userhash[MD5_LEN];
    unsigned char ha1[MD5_LEN];
    unsigned int nc;
}
digest_record_t;

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Internal Functions
 */

static void free_hash_object(void* arg, void* val)
{
    if(val && val != BASIC_ESTABLISHED)
        free(val);
}

static digest_record_t* get_cached_digest(bd_context_t* ctx, ha_context_t* c,
                                          unsigned char* nonce)
{
    digest_record_t* rec;

    ASSERT(ctx && c && nonce);

    if(c->cache_max == 0)
        return NULL;

    ha_lock(NULL);

        rec = (digest_record_t*)hsh_get(ctx->cache, nonce);

        /* Just in case it's a basic :) */
        if(rec && rec != BASIC_ESTABLISHED)
            hsh_rem(ctx->cache, nonce);

    ha_unlock(NULL);

    ASSERT(!rec || memcmp(nonce, rec->nonce, DIGEST_NONCE_LEN) == 0);
    return rec;
}

static int have_cached_basic(bd_context_t* ctx, unsigned char* key)
{
    int ret = 0;

    ASSERT(ctx && key);

    ha_lock(NULL);

        ret = (hsh_get(ctx->cache, key) == BASIC_ESTABLISHED);

    ha_unlock(NULL);

    return ret;
}

static int save_cached_digest(bd_context_t* ctx, ha_context_t* c,
                              digest_record_t* rec)
{
    int r;

    ASSERT(ctx && rec);

    if(c->cache_max == 0)
    {
        free_hash_object(NULL, rec);
        return HA_FALSE;
    }

    ha_lock(NULL);

        while(hsh_count(ctx->cache) >= c->cache_max)
            hsh_bump(ctx->cache);

        r = hsh_set(ctx->cache, rec->nonce, rec);

    ha_unlock(NULL);

    if(!r)
    {
        ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_CRIT, "out of memory");
        return HA_CRITERROR;
    }

    return HA_OK;
}

static int add_cached_basic(bd_context_t* ctx, ha_context_t* c,
                            unsigned char* key)
{
    int r;

    ASSERT(ctx && c && key);

    if(c->cache_max == 0)
        return HA_FALSE;

    ha_lock(NULL);

        while(hsh_count(ctx->cache) >= c->cache_max)
            hsh_bump(ctx->cache);

        r = hsh_set(ctx->cache, key, BASIC_ESTABLISHED);

    ha_unlock(NULL);

    if(!r)
    {
        ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_CRIT, "out of memory");
        return HA_CRITERROR;
    }

    return HA_OK;
}

digest_record_t* make_digest_rec(unsigned char* nonce, const char* user)
{
    digest_record_t* rec = (digest_record_t*)malloc(sizeof(*rec));

    ASSERT(nonce && user);

    if(!rec)
    {
        ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_CRIT, "out of memory");
        return NULL;
    }

    memset(rec, 0, sizeof(*rec));
    memcpy(rec->nonce, nonce, DIGEST_NONCE_LEN);

    md5_string(rec->userhash, user);
    return rec;
}

static int do_basic_response(ha_request_t* rq, bd_context_t* ctx, const char* header)
{
    basic_header_t basic;
    int ret = HA_FALSE;

    ASSERT(header && rq);

    if((ret = basic_parse(header, rq->buf, &basic)) < 0)
        return ret;

    /* Past this point we don't return directly */

    /* Check and see if this connection is in the cache */
    if(have_cached_basic(ctx, basic.key))
    {
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_NOTICE, "validated basic user against cache: %s",
                    basic.user);
        ret = HA_OK;
        goto finally;
    }

    /* If we have a user name and password */
    if(!basic.user || !basic.user[0] ||
       !basic.password || !basic.password[0])
    {
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_NOTICE, "no valid basic auth info");
        ret = HA_FALSE;
        goto finally;
    }

    ASSERT(ctx->f_validate_basic);
    ret = ctx->f_validate_basic(rq, basic.user, basic.password);

finally:

    if(ret == HA_OK)
    {
        rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_OK;
        rq->resp_detail = basic.user;

        /* We put this connection into the successful connections */
        ret = add_cached_basic(ctx, rq->context, basic.key);
    }

    return ret;
}

static int do_digest_challenge(ha_request_t* rq, bd_context_t* ctx, int stale)
{
    unsigned char nonce[DIGEST_NONCE_LEN];
    const char* nonce_str;
    const char* header;

    ASSERT(ctx && rq);

#ifdef _DEBUG
    if(rq->context->digest_debugnonce)
    {
        nonce_str = rq->context->digest_debugnonce;
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_WARNING, "using debug nonce. security non-existant.");
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        unsigned char nonce[DIGEST_NONCE_LEN];
        digest_makenonce(nonce, g_digest_secret, NULL);

        nonce_str = ha_bufenchex(rq->buf, nonce, DIGEST_NONCE_LEN);
        if(!nonce_str)
            return HA_CRITERROR;
    }

    /* Now generate a message to send */
    header = digest_challenge(rq->buf, nonce_str, rq->context->realm,
                              rq->digest_domain, stale);

    if(!header)
        return HA_CRITERROR;

    /* And append it nicely */
    rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_DECLINE;
    ha_addheader(rq, "WWW-Authenticate", header);

    ha_messagex(rq, LOG_DEBUG, "created digest challenge with nonce: %s", nonce_str);
    return HA_OK;
}

static int do_digest_response(ha_request_t* rq, bd_context_t* ctx, const char* header)
{
    unsigned char nonce[DIGEST_NONCE_LEN];
    digest_context_t dg;
    digest_record_t* rec = NULL;
    const char* t;
    time_t expiry;
    int ret = HA_FALSE;
    int stale = 0;
    int r;

    ASSERT(ctx && header && rq);

    /* We use this below to send a default response */
    rq->resp_code = -1;

    if((r = digest_parse(header, rq->buf, &(dg.client))) < 0)
        return r;

    if(!dg.client.username)
    {
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_WARNING, "digest response contains no user name");
        goto finally;
    }

#ifdef _DEBUG
    if(rq->context->digest_debugnonce)
    {
        if(dg.client.nonce && strcmp(dg.client.nonce, rq->context->digest_debugnonce) != 0)
        {
            ha_messagex(rq, LOG_WARNING, "digest response contains invalid nonce");
            goto finally;
        }

        /* Do a rough hash into the real nonce, for use as a key */
        md5_string(nonce, rq->context->digest_debugnonce);

        /* Debug nonce's never expire */
        expiry = time(NULL);
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        /* Parse out the nonce from that header */
        memset(nonce, 0, DIGEST_NONCE_LEN);

        if(dg.client.nonce)
        {
            size_t len = DIGEST_NONCE_LEN;
            void* d = ha_bufdechex(rq->buf, dg.client.nonce, &len);

            if(d && len == DIGEST_NONCE_LEN)
                memcpy(nonce, d, DIGEST_NONCE_LEN);
        }

        r = digest_checknonce(nonce, g_digest_secret, &expiry);
        if(r != HA_OK)
        {
            if(r == HA_FALSE)
                ha_messagex(rq, LOG_WARNING, "digest response contains invalid nonce");

            goto finally;
        }

        /* Check to see if we're stale */
        if((expiry + rq->context->cache_timeout) <= time(NULL))
        {
            ha_messagex(rq, LOG_INFO, "nonce expired, sending stale challenge: %s",
                        dg.client.username);

            stale = 1;
            goto finally;
        }
    }

    /* See if we have this one from before. */
    rec = get_cached_digest(ctx, rq->context, nonce);

    /*
     * Fill in the required fields.
     */
    dg.server_nc = rec ? ++(rec->nc) : 0;        /* Note bumping up nc */
    dg.server_uri = rq->req_args[AUTH_ARG_URI];
    dg.server_method = rq->req_args[AUTH_ARG_METHOD];

    /* Check the majority of the fields */
    ret = digest_pre_check(&dg, rq->context, rq->buf);

    if(ret != HA_OK)
    {
        if(ret == HA_BADREQ)
        {
            ret = HA_FALSE;
            rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_BADREQ;
        }

        goto finally;
    }

    /*
     * If this is the first instance then we pass off to our derived
     * handler for validation and completion of the ha1. This completes
     * the authentication, and leaves us the ha1 caching.
     */
    if(!rec)
    {
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_INFO, "no record in cache, creating one: %s", dg.client.username);

        /*
         * If we're valid but don't have a record in the
         * cache then complete the record properly.
         */

        rec = make_digest_rec(nonce, dg.client.username);
        if(!rec)
        {
            ret = HA_CRITERROR;
            goto finally;
        }


        ASSERT(ctx->f_validate_digest);
        r = ctx->f_validate_digest(rq, dg.client.username, &dg);
        if(r != HA_OK)
        {
            ret = r;
            goto finally;
        }

        /* Save away pertinent information when successful*/
        memcpy(rec->ha1, dg.ha1, MD5_LEN);
    }

    /* We had a record so ... */
    else
    {
        /* Bump up the ncount */
        rec->nc++;

        /* Check the user name */
        if(md5_strcmp(rec->userhash, dg.client.username) != 0)
        {
            ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_ERR, "digest response contains invalid username");
            ret = HA_FALSE;
            goto finally;
        }

        /* And do the validation ourselves */
        memcpy(dg.ha1, rec->ha1, MD5_LEN);

        ret = digest_complete_check(&dg, rq->buf);

        if(ret != HA_OK)
        {
            if(ret == HA_BADREQ)
            {
                ret = HA_FALSE;
                rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_BADREQ;
            }

            if(ret == HA_FALSE)
                ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_WARNING, "digest re-authentication failed for user: %s",
                            dg.client.username);

            goto finally;
        }
    }


    rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_OK;
    rq->resp_detail = dg.client.username;

    /* Figure out if we need a new nonce */
    if((expiry + (rq->context->cache_timeout -
                 (rq->context->cache_timeout / 8))) < time(NULL))
    {
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_INFO, "nonce almost expired, creating new one: %s",
                    dg.client.username);

        digest_makenonce(nonce, g_digest_secret, NULL);
        stale = 1;
    }

    t = digest_respond(&dg, rq->buf, stale ? nonce : NULL);
    if(!t)
    {
        ret = HA_CRITERROR;
        goto finally;
    }

    if(t[0])
        ha_addheader(rq, "Authentication-Info", t);

    ha_messagex(rq, LOG_NOTICE, "validated digest user: %s", dg.client.username);

    /* Put the connection into the cache */
    if((ret = save_cached_digest(ctx, rq->context, rec)) == HA_OK)
        rec = NULL;

finally:

    /* If the record wasn't stored away then free it */
    if(rec)
        free(rec);

    /* If nobody above responded then challenge the client again */
    if(rq->resp_code == -1)
        return do_digest_challenge(rq, ctx, stale);

    return ret;
}



const char* bd_substitute(const ha_request_t* rq, const char* user, const char* str)
{
    bd_context_t* ctx = (bd_context_t*)rq->context->ctx_data;
    const char* t;

    ASSERT(rq && user && str);
    ASSERT(ctx->f_escape_value);

    /* TODO: We need to be escaping the user and realm properly */
    /* This starts a new block to join */
    ha_bufcpy(rq->buf, "");

    while(str[0])
    {
        t = strchr(str, '%');
        if(!t)
        {
            ha_bufjoin(rq->buf);
            ha_bufcpy(rq->buf, str);
            break;
        }

        ha_bufjoin(rq->buf);
        ha_bufncpy(rq->buf, str, t - str);

        t++;

        switch(t[0])
        {
        case 'u':
            ha_bufjoin(rq->buf);
            (ctx->f_escape_value)(rq, rq->buf, user);
            t++;
            break;

        case 'r':
            ha_bufjoin(rq->buf);
            (ctx->f_escape_value)(rq, rq->buf, rq->context->realm);
            t++;
            break;

        case '%':
            ha_bufjoin(rq->buf);
            ha_bufcpy(rq->buf, "%");
            t++;
            break;
        };

        str = t;
    }

    return ha_bufdata(rq->buf);
}


/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Handler Functions
 */

int bd_init(ha_context_t* context)
{
    /* Global initialization */
    if(!context)
    {
        ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_DEBUG, "generating secret");
        return ha_genrandom(g_digest_secret, DIGEST_SECRET_LEN);
    }

    /* Context specific initialization */
    else
    {
        bd_context_t* ctx = (bd_context_t*)(context->ctx_data);
        hsh_table_calls_t htc;

        ASSERT(ctx);

        /* Make sure there are some types of authentication we can do */
        if(!(context->allowed_types & (HA_TYPE_BASIC | HA_TYPE_DIGEST)))
        {
            ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_ERR, "module configured, but does not implement any "
                                       "configured authentication type.");
            return HA_FAILED;
        }

        /* The cache for digest records and basic */
        if(!(ctx->cache = hsh_create(MD5_LEN)))
        {
            ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_CRIT, "out of memory");
            return HA_CRITERROR;
        }

        htc.f_freeval = free_hash_object;
        htc.arg = NULL;
        hsh_set_table_calls(ctx->cache, &htc);

        ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_INFO, "initialized handler");
    }

    return HA_OK;
}

void bd_destroy(ha_context_t* context)
{
    bd_context_t* ctx;
    int i;

    if(!context)
        return;

    /* Note: We don't need to be thread safe here anymore */
    ctx = (bd_context_t*)(context->ctx_data);

    ASSERT(ctx);

    if(ctx->cache)
        hsh_free(ctx->cache);

    ha_messagex(NULL, LOG_INFO, "uninitialized handler");
}

int bd_process(ha_request_t* rq)
{
    bd_context_t* ctx = (bd_context_t*)rq->context->ctx_data;
    time_t t = time(NULL);
    const char* header = NULL;
    int ret, r;

    ASSERT(rq);
    ASSERT(rq->req_args[AUTH_ARG_METHOD]);
    ASSERT(rq->req_args[AUTH_ARG_URI]);

    ha_lock(NULL);

        /* Purge out stale connection stuff. */
        r = hsh_purge(ctx->cache, t - rq->context->cache_timeout);

    ha_unlock(NULL);

    if(r > 0)
        ha_messagex(rq, LOG_DEBUG, "purged cache records: %d", r);

    /* We use this below to detect whether to send a default response */
    rq->resp_code = -1;

    /* Check the headers and see if we got a response thingy */
    if(rq->context->allowed_types & HA_TYPE_DIGEST)
    {
        header = ha_getheader(rq, "Authorization", HA_PREFIX_DIGEST);
        if(header)
        {
            ha_messagex(rq, LOG_DEBUG, "processing digest auth header");
            ret = do_digest_response(rq, ctx, header);
            if(ret < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    }

    /* Or a basic authentication */
    if(!header && rq->context->allowed_types & HA_TYPE_BASIC)
    {
        header = ha_getheader(rq, "Authorization", HA_PREFIX_BASIC);
        if(header)
        {
            ha_messagex(rq, LOG_DEBUG, "processing basic auth header");
            ret = do_basic_response(rq, ctx, header);
            if(ret < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    }


    /* Send a default response if that's what we need */
    if(rq->resp_code == -1)
    {
        rq->resp_code = HA_SERVER_DECLINE;

        if(rq->context->allowed_types & HA_TYPE_BASIC)
        {
            ha_bufmcat(rq->buf, "BASIC realm=\"", rq->context->realm , "\"", NULL);

            if(ha_buferr(rq->buf))
                return HA_CRITERROR;

            ha_addheader(rq, "WWW-Authenticate", ha_bufdata(rq->buf));
            ha_messagex(rq, LOG_DEBUG, "sent basic auth request");
        }

        if(rq->context->allowed_types & HA_TYPE_DIGEST)
        {
            ret = do_digest_challenge(rq, ctx, 0);
            if(ret < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    }

    return ret;
}